Reading Materials

Curated blog posts, specs, and ecosystem discussions on Account Abstraction.

This page collects useful articles, posts, and discussions related to Account Abstraction (ERC-4337 and beyond). Each section groups readings by a focus area.

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🧱 Foundational Posts

• ERC-4337: Account Abstraction Without Protocol Changes The original blog post by Vitalik Buterin outlining the vision behind ERC-4337.

• Unified ERC-4337 mempool What does censorship-resistance require of ERC-4337 and how can we prevent mempool fragmentation?

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📜 AA Standards

Core Standards

• ERC-4337: Account Abstraction Using Alt Mempool

• ERC-7562: Account Abstraction Validation Scope Rules

• EIP-7701: Native Account Abstraction

Core Standards: Rollups

• RIP-7560: Native Account Abstraction

• RIP-7711: Validation-Execution Separation in Native Account Abstraction

• RIP-7712: Enable RIP-7560 transactions using a two-dimensional nonce

Supporting Standards

• EIP-5792: Wallet Call API

• EIP-7702: Set Code for EOAs

• ERC-6900: Modular Smart Contract Accounts

• ERC-7579: Minimal Modular Smart Accounts

• ERC-6492: Signature Validation for Predeploy Contracts

• ERC-7677: Paymaster Web Service Capability

• ERC-7679: UserOperation Builder

• ERC-7715: Grant Permissions from Wallets

• ERC-7769: JSON-RPC API for ERC-4337

• RIP-7212: Precompile for secp256r1 Curve Support

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🤿 Deep Dives

• You Could Have Invented Account Abstraction - 4 part series Reverse engineering AA capabilities while preseving strong censorship resistance and decentralization to better understand the reasoning behind ERC-4337's architecture.

• What are Paymasters? Technical overview of the different types of paymasters and how they work.

• What happens to a UserOp within a Bundler? Why do we need a bundler when you can just relay the UserOp directly to the entrypoint from an EOA?

• Mempool Stages Framework The ERC-4337 Team introduced a framework which categorizes Bundler Mempool development into distinct stages. As the framework progresses, it enhances user benefits at every stage, such as censorship resistance, decentralization, and permissionless.

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📰 In the news

• Shared Mempool: Official Launch on Ethereum Mainnet, Arbitrum and Optimism The ERC-4337 shared mempool goes live on Ethereum, Arbitrum and Optimism. The mempool is what allows AA while preserving decentralization.

• Toyota: How to Introduce Mobility into the Public Blockchain with ERC-4337 SCW == Smart Car Wallet? Interesting research by the Toyota Blockchain Lab on using ERC-4337 to manage open and transferable accounts for cars themselves

• Visa: What is Account Abstraction? Exploring new techniques for blockchain payment processing The team at Visa has deployed experimental Visa Paymaster contracts on Ethereum's Goerli Testnet to explore the power of AA.

• Visa: Auto Payments for Self-Custodial Wallets The team at Visa continues their research into AA and the innovative payment solutions it offers, and explore automatic recurring payments capabilities for self-custodial accounts.

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💬 Discussions and Threads

• Ethereum Magicians: ERC-4337 Thread The thread on Ethereum Magicians for the ERC-4337 standard.

• Ethereum Magicians: RIP-7560 Thread The thread on Ethereum Magicians for the RIP-7560 standard.

• The road to Post-Quantum Ethereum transaction is paved with Account Abstraction Exploring the feasibility of implementing a post-quantum signature scheme for Ethereum with AA

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📊 Useful Metrics

• BundlerBear BundleBear is a dataset that tracks the adoption of smart accounts.

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Contributing

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